Depression can be treated with a variety of therapies, which include a combination of psychotherapy and medication. Psychotherapy assists patients in overcoming negative emotions and resuming daily life. Medication regulates the patient's brain circuits of mood, thinking, and behavior to improve symptoms. However, antidepressants take weeks or even months to have an effect, so it is important to stay on them. As with any chronic illness, early diagnosis and treatment can reduce the intensity and duration of depressive symptoms, while reducing the risk of relapse.
Currently, the pathogenesis of depression remains to be elucidated. Studies suggest that depression may be due to deficiencies in the function of central monoamine neurotransmitters (5-HT and NA), resulting in low overall body mood activity. Accordingly, the mechanism of action of current antidepressant drugs mainly targets the regulation of neurotransmitter levels. Currently approved antidepressants are mainly small molecule drugs, including a small number of herbal medicines. At the same time, a large number of new therapies or large molecule drugs are in clinical research, such as stem cell therapy, microecology, monoclonal antibodies, etc. The current status of antidepressant drug development is as follows
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